Parse sitemap content into structured :class:~netgo.sitemap.models.Sitemap.

Handles all three sitemap formats defined by sitemaps.org:

1. **URL sets** (<urlset>) - every <url> becomes a netgo.sitemap.models.SitemapEntry with its loc, lastmod, changefreq and priority. 2. **Sitemap indexes** (<sitemapindex>) - every nested <loc> is collected as a child sitemap URL. 3. **Plain-text sitemaps** - one URL per line.

Parsing is namespace-agnostic (the sitemap schema tags are recognized no matter the xmlns), and relative or protocol-relative <loc> values are resolved against base_url using urllib.parse.urljoin.

Content that cannot be read - empty payloads, malformed XML, unrecognized root elements, text without URLs - raises netgo.sitemap.errors.SitemapParseError.

Example:

>>> from netgo.sitemap import parse, SitemapEntry
>>> xl = (
...     '<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">'
...     "<url><loc>/</loc><lastmod>2026-01-01</lastmod>"
...     "<changefreq>daily</changefreq><priority>1.0</priority></url>"
...     "</urlset>"
... )
>>> sm = parse(xl, base_url="https://example.com/sitemap.xml")
>>> sm.kind
'urlset'
>>> sm.urls
['https://example.com/']

parse(content: str | bytes, *, base_url: str = '') -> netgo.sitemap.models.Sitemap

Parse sitemap content (XML or plain text) into a Sitemap.

Auto-detects the format from the payload: content beginning with an XML element (<urlset>, <sitemapindex> or any other root, with or without a namespace) is parsed as XML, anything else is treated as a plain-text URL list. Relative <loc> values are resolved against base_url with urllib.parse.urljoin, so absolute URLs pass through unchanged.

Args:

• content: The raw sitemap body, as str or bytes.
• base_url: The sitemap's own URL; used to resolve relative and protocol-relative locations. Ignored when empty.

Returns:

• A Sitemap with kind set to "urlset", "sitemapindex" or "text".

Raises:

• SitemapParseError: When the content is empty, not well formed, uses an unknown root element, or holds no URL at all.

Example:

>>> from netgo.sitemap import parse
>>> sm = parse(
...     '<sitemapindex><sitemap><loc>/posts/sitemap.xml</loc></sitemap></sitemapindex>',
...     base_url="https://example.com/sitemap.xml",
... )
>>> sm.kind
'sitemapindex'
>>> sm.children
['https://example.com/posts/sitemap.xml']

_to_bytes(content: str | bytes) -> bytes

Return content as bytes without a conflicting XML declaration.

_local_name(tag: str) -> str

Strip a {namespace} prefix from an ElementTree tag name.

_child_text(element: xml.etree.ElementTree.Element, name: str) -> str | None

Return the direct <loc>/<lastmod>-style text of a child.